Grading and Abbreviations
Grading
We use the English grading system which ranges from Poor – FDC as follows:
| Poor | – |
| Fair | – |
| Fine | (F) |
| Very Fine | (VF) |
| Extremely Fine | (EF) |
| Uncirculated | (UNC) |
| Brilliant Uncirculated | (BU) |
| Fleur De Coin | (FDC) |
Sometimes the grade is modified by the following prefixes:
| Abt. | About (ie very slightly below the stated grade) |
| A | Almost |
| G | Good |
| N | Nearly |
| + | Slightly better than |
| – | Grade is between |
| / | Obverse grade before and Reverse graded after |
Authenticity
All modern proofs are FDC and cased with certificate of authenticity unless stated otherwise. * denotes R. Ingram Coins certificate of authenticity.
Slabbed coins
These coins are contained in a hard plastic case. Most are graded independently by American companies which conform to US grading standards which ranges from MS-0 to MS-70 where VF begins at MS-20, EF at MS-40, AU at MS-50 and Unc at MS-60. There is also an English company which slab coins with a range from 1-100.
Abbreviations
| Cert. | Certficate |
| COI | Case of issue |
| cor. | Corrosion |
| cr/m(s) | Creasemarks(s) |
| dam. | Damage |
| e/b(s) | Edge bump(s) |
| e/k(s) | Edge knock(s) |
| h/l(s) | Hairline(s) |
| m/m(s) | Mountmark(s) |
| Obv. | Obverse |
| ptd. | Pitted |
| pgd. | Plugged |
| red. | Reduction |
| Rev. | Reverse |
| RM | Royal Mint |
| scr(s). | Scratch(es) |
| sig. | Significant |
| sl. | Slight(ly) |
| sm. | Small |
| sur. | Surface |
| var. | Variety |
| vdgs. | Verdigris |
Reference books
- ESC refers to English Silver coinage
- F refers to Freeman
- M refers to Marsh
- MI refers to Medallic Illustrations
- N refers to North
- P refers to Peck
- S refers to Spink’s Coins of England and the United Kingdom, or, where appropriate, Spink’s coins of Scotland, Ireland and the Islands.